Issue 2,2017 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Deployment Method of Multi-AWACS Cooperation Detection Based on Detection Area
    DAI Yu WANG Xianchao ZHANG Yuanpeng WANG Haifeng TANG Ziyue
    2017(2):1-6.
    [Abstract](3011) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Carrying out the task of detection, one airborne warning and control system (AWACS) often meets the following problems: the detection area is limited, the radar information is not continuous, the anti-jamming capability is poor, the safety is low, and so on. To satisfy the complex battle surroundings and the resistance of "four threats", multi-AWACS cooperation detection is inevitable trend. The deployment of multi-AWACS cooperation detection is the premier problem of multi-AWACS cooperation detection. In the paper, a deployment method which is driven by the detection area is developed based on coexistence combination flight. The method not only can ensure the task area is stably covered and exert the maximum effect-consumption ratio, but also can reduce the probability that the object gets into the Doppler blind zone of all AWACS simultaneously and improve the quality of information. The simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the developed method for the deployment of multi-AWACS cooperation detection driven by detection area.
    2  Review on Development and Applications of Avian Radar Technology
    CHEN Weishi LI Jing
    2017(2):7-17.
    [Abstract](3107) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Avian radar has been the critical tool for airport bird avoidance, bird-strike risk assessment of wind energy farms, bird observation and scientific research of bird nature reserves. Firstly, the main components of the avian radar are discussed. Secondly, the effects of the ground clutter, the volume clutter and the other undesired targets on the avian radar detection are analyzed, and then the traditional clutter suppression methods and coherent radar clutter suppression technologies are introduced, as well as the data processing technologies of target detection, target tracking, target display, data recording and radar networking applied in advanced avian radars. Thirdly, the main indicators of target trajectory, echo size, echo strength, signal fluctuations, flight speed and altitude obtained by the avian radars are provided, reflecting the target characteristics of flying birds. Finally, in addition to the description of four typical avian radar systems at home and abroad, some thoughts and feasible suggestions are proposed for the development of avian radar technology.
    3  Design of Phase Synchronization Paths among Three Distributed SAR Satellites Measuring Terrain Height
    WU Nan MU Dong LIU Aifang HU Xuecheng
    2017(2):18-22.
    [Abstract](2774) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The relative tracks and baselines are quantitatively analyzed with the accurate Hill equations of three distributed SAR satellites measuring terrain height. The working regions of three distributed SAR satellites are determined on the constraint condition of along-track baselines and cross-track baselines. On the basis of the beam width of horns and the relative positions of three distributed SAR satellites, the phase synchronization paths are built by switching the horns to acquire the compensated phase values for two slave satellites imaging. The conclusions can be regarded as a good reference in the design of the SAR systems of multiple distributed satellites.
    4  Influence Analysis of Different Embattling Modes on Fleet Detection Capability
    SHEN Wei XU Fei XING Wenge DAI Peilong
    2017(2):23-28.
    [Abstract](2586) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Based on analyzing anti-interception capability of multistatic radar system, the influence of different embattling modes on anti-interception capability of fleet is simulated in the first place. Then, the modes, which have better anti-interception capability, are chosen to be analyzed as well as the area of jamming exposed range under stand-off jamming. In this way, the impact of embattling modes on detection capability of fleet is researched. Simulation results show that different embattling modes have different effects on anti-interception capability and jamming exposed range of the system. A fleet would choose the most appropriate embattling mode depending on the mission requirement to improve the detection capability of the system.
    5  A Target Angle Estimation Method for Bistatic MIMO Radar in Impulsive Noise
    GONG Jian LOU Shuntian GUO Yiduo ZHANG Weitao
    2017(2):29-32.
    [Abstract](3183) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In the actual environment, radar is often affected by the impulsive noise, which reduces the performance of numerous angle estimation algorithms based on the two order or higher order in the Gauss noise background. In view of this, a FLOM-ESPRIT algorithm of bistatic MIMO radar angle estimation method is presented in this paper. The algorithm uses matched filtering data of fractional lower order covariance matrix to achieve effective noise suppression. The algorithm makes up for the traditional two order or four order statistical model and the corresponding processing algorithm is not suitable for the impulsive noise environment. It enhances the robustness of the signal subspace estimation algorithm, and does not need to calculate the amount of complex two-dimensional spectral peak searching.
    6  A Study on the Target Detection Performance of Radar in Low-altitude Multipath Environment
    ZHOU Hao HU Guoping KUANG Xubin SHI Junpeng
    2017(2):33-38.
    [Abstract](2815) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The research is carried out aiming at the target detection performance of different radar systems in low-altitude multipath environment. The best detection performance is reached by optimizing the configuration of radar array elements in multipath environment. The receiving signal models of radars in low-altitude multipath environment are set up, and the multipath power propagation factor is introduced to apply the classical Swerling models of target fluctuation to the low-altitude multipath environment. The eigenfunction method is used to obtain the detection probabilities of different radar systems. The affection of multipath power propagation factor on detection performance is analyzed and the detection performances of different radar systems are compared by simulation. It is suggested by the simulation results that the multiple input single output radar combines the strengths of phased array radar and multiple input multiple output radar, and has stable detection performance in multipath environment.
    7  Performance Analysis of Projection Algorithm for Separating Overlapping Mode S Replies
    ZHANG Tao TANG Xiaoming JIN Lin SONG Hongliang
    2017(2):39-44.
    [Abstract](2618) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The performance of receiving for mode S replies has been challenged in heavy jamming environment. The projection algorithm is designed to separate the overlapping signals with two mode S replies based array antenna. This algorithm with stability and practicability has been the classical method to separate overlapping mode S replies. The overlapping probability with two mode S replies has been calculated in each case of air traffic environment at first. Secondly, the relationship of the detection of sources and the signal direction of arrival (DOA) has been derived based on projection algorithm. The relationship of the signal DOA and the noise gain also has been analyzed, which illustrated the impact of the signal DOA on the reply decoding. Finally, the effects of signal DOA to the source number detecting and noise gain are illustrated with simulation based on uniform array antenna. The results show that for the case of two overlapping mode S replies, the projection algorithm can reach more than 80% detection success rate on uniform array antenna with six elements and achieve a good separation.
    8  Homogenous Sample Selection Method for Airborne Cognitive Radar Based on DEM
    ZHOU Jiabing CHEN Xingbo WANG Gang ZHANG Ying RAO Nini
    2017(2):45-50.
    [Abstract](2743) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Cognitive radar is a kind of new concept radar, but there are still so many key technical problems to be solved, one of which is the suppression of clutter and interference. In real environment, clutters and interference are generally non-homogenous. In order to suppress the clutter and interference in airborne cognitive radar, the selection of homogenous samples and elimination of interference samples should be implemented in the first time. The quality of the selected samples directly affects the performance of airborne cognitive radar. Therefore, this paper designed a sample selection method based on digital elevation model (DEM) data. Firstly, the multiple terrain factors were extracted from DEM data. Then, the homogenous samples were selected based on terrain factors. Finally, the knowledge-aided non-homogenous detector is used to eliminate the samples with the interference. The simulation results show that the proposed method performs well in selecting homogenous samples and eliminating interference samples, and is obviously better than the existing related methods. It can effectively improve the capacity of airborne cognitive radar to suppress clutter and interference.
    9  A New Collaborative Detection Algorithm for HFSWR
    LI Fazong YANG Chen LI Zhongyun
    2017(2):51-55.
    [Abstract](2824) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Ionosphere clutter, sea clutter and radio interference of high frequency surface wave radar ( HFSWR) will cause great difficulties on target detection. A new two dimensional constant false alarm rate (CFAR) detection algorithm is proposed according to the expansionary characteristics of target in the speed-range spectrum. Then a collaborative detection algorithm is designed based on the CFAR technique and polarization detection technology. The method uses both energy information and polarization information and can avoid many disadvantages of traditional polarization detection. The simulations and detection results in HFSWR measured data show that the new algorithm has significant performance benefits than the traditional method in the ionosphere clutter.
    10  Micro-motion Signature and Recognition of Battlefield Targets in Airborne Radar
    LI Xinyi HUANG Yinhe YIN Kuiying QIAO Yinqi
    2017(2):56-60.
    [Abstract](2961) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Airborne radar is suitable for battlefield targets tracking and recognition with its high speed and wide view. While little work has been done on ground targets classification with micro-motion in low-resolution airborne radar. In this paper, point-scattering echo models are established for moving targets, micro-Doppler signature of typical targets is analyzed, and recognition of singlesoldier and vehicle is achieved according to the unique periodicity of single-soldier's micro-Doppler signature. Eigenvalue spectrum is selected as a feature for classification and support vector machine is used for classification of wheeled and tracked vehicles. A recognition rate of over 87.5% is achieved with SNR of 20 dB. Experimental results validate that the selected feature is robust and the classification method is effective.
    11  Design and Experiment of a Cost-effective TDM MIMO Radar System
    JIANG Bing ZHOU Teng TANG Yue
    2017(2):61-65.
    [Abstract](2778) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    For coherent multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar system with M-element transmitting array and N-element receiving array, the real applications are limited by the high cost caused by the use of large number of transceiver components. To solve this problem, a cost-effective time division multiplexing (TDM) MIMO radar system design is proposed. Firstly, the transceiver structural model of TDM MIMO radar is set up. Secondly, distance estimation and angle estimation are simulated and compared theoretically, TDM MIMO radar and single-input multiple-output radar is proved by comparing experiment. Finally, the results showed that direction of arrival performance is not influenced, but the proposed radar achieve considerable higher angular resolution at lower cost compared to conventional radar using the same antenna array.
    12  A Real Time Data Fusion Method with Multi-channel Ground Penetrating Radar
    FENG Wenya LIU Xianlin WANG Chenghao SHI Xinghua
    2017(2):66-68.
    [Abstract](2699) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A new process method is used on multi-channel ground penetrating radar for various requirements of projects. Consequently all channels' information of multi-channel ground penetrating radar is displayed in one view in real time. This method is based on the data fusion technology. It is realized through three steps. Firstly, pretreatments are used, including band-pass filter, space-time calibration and coordinate conversion. Then, real time process is operated based on a parameter of entropy and a rule of weighted average. Finally, data compensation and amplification is done by automatic gain. All targets and abnormity are visualized at one time in fusion result of multi-channel ground penetrating radar. Using the magnitude of entropy, targets are found and located quickly. With this method conventional display limits of multi-channel ground penetrating radar are broken and the delay performance is improved. The demand of rapid locating target in project is also satisfied.
    13  Design of Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Fed by Dual F-probes
    HE Jingwen HU Mingchun ZHANG Jinping
    2017(2):69-73.
    [Abstract](2656) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A design of broadband circularly-polarized microstrip antenna based on dual F-probe feeding is proposed . The Wilkinson power divider produces two signals which have same amplitude and 90° phase difference to realize circular polarization. Two F shaped probes are used to feed the patch upper the air layer. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves 67.2% impedance bandwidth (VSWR<2)and 29.3% 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth. Thus this antenna achieves wide-band circular polarization and wide-scan performance. Furthermore, profile height of the antenna is only 0.09λ0(λ0 is the wavelength of central frequency). As a result, the antenna can be widely used.
    14  Design of Broadband Circularly Polarized Microstrip Antenna Fed by Dual F-probes
    LI Bin LI Jiren SUN Lei
    2017(2):69-73.
    [Abstract](2701) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    A design of broadband circularly-polarized microstrip antenna based on dual F-probe feeding is proposed . The Wilkinson power divider produces two signals which have same amplitude and 90° phase difference to realize circular polarization. Two F shaped probes are used to feed the patch upper the air layer. The simulation results show that the antenna achieves 67.2% impedance bandwidth (VSWR<2)and 29.3% 3 dB axial ratio bandwidth. Thus this antenna achieves wide-band circular polarization and wide-scan performance. Furthermore, profile height of the antenna is only 0.09λ0(λ0 is the wavelength of central frequency). As a result, the antenna can be widely used.
    15  A Study on the Radiation Pattern of Antenna Array Using Polyomino Subarrays
    YE Jiaxu LI Jianxin XING Ying
    2017(2):79-82.
    [Abstract](2846) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In the design of phased antenna array system, subarray technology is usually adopted to reduce system complexity and engineering costs. Simultaneously, in order to suppress the grating lobes, the subarray of polyominoes is used. Two kinds of antenna arrays with different subarray structures and arrangements are presented. And the scanning characteristics in the limited field of view are simulated. By comparing and analyzing the simulation results, the validity of the low sidelobes for the array pattern of polyomino subarray is verified, which has referrence value for engineering application. In the last, the farther direction of designing antenna array using polyomino subarray is proposed.
    16  A Study on the Design Requirement of Ground-based Radar Receiver Using Pulse Doppler System
    KANG Chenggang
    2017(2):83-86.
    [Abstract](2794) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    According to the ground-based radar receiver using pulse Doppler(PD) system under the condition of weak target detection in strong clutter, this paper firstly introduces the principle of PD processing. Then the influence of strong clutter overlapping to the receiving clutter is analyzed. Lastly some effective measures for weak target detection in strong clutter of ground-based radar receiver using PD system are given, including: 1) the design system of the frequency source is not recommended for the phase locking system, and the phase noise of frequency source should follow up to MHz order; 2) the spurious free dynamic range should improve to 75 dB; 3) under the premise of limited system noise coefficient deterioration, the receiving gain should be reduced.
    17  Application and Analysis of Reliability Simulation Method in Air-borne Radars
    LI Fujun JING Min
    2017(2):87-90.
    [Abstract](2758) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    This paper describes the difference,advantage and disadvantage of the reliability simulation technology and the traditional reliability design, analysis and testing methods. An example of an airborne radar is given,using the computer aided design digital prototype combined with the durable vibration and thermal design information, the finite element analysis/computational fluid dynmics digital prototype is estabilshed, the weak line in design process is found out, the location and reasons of the potential failure are indicated,providing the basis for design improvements.
    18  A Study on the Anti-jamming Test and Evaluation of Airborne Active Phased Array Radar
    HAN Xiaodong SUN Qingyang SHU Ting TANG Bin YU Wenxian
    2017(2):91-96.
    [Abstract](2881) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    In this paper, based on the model of airborne active phased array radar and electronic warfare equipment's confrontation process and the hardware-in-the-loop radio frequency simulation test, the confrontation effectiveness evaluation method of radar is established. Its aim is to fully evaluate the effectiveness of the radar's anti-jamming in order to meet the actual needs of military applications. Firstly, this research can be used to verify the airborne active phased array radar system technology and other key technologies such as anti-jamming algorithm. Secondly, it can test the radar in infield to verify radar's anti-jamming performance and support the adaptability diagnostic test under the complex electromagnetic environment before the radar finalize the design. Finally, the research can be used to verify and evaluate the performance of airborne active phased array radar's anti-jamming.
    19  Efficiency Analysis of the Repeater Jamming Based on Sampled Pulses
    WANG Qiang GUO Bo
    2017(2):97-100.
    [Abstract](2966) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    Transmitter-receiver isolation is forever an important factor to limit the jammer's effectiveness. The jamming signals radiated by the transmitter are probably coupled into the receiver without enough isolation, which make the receiver abnormal or selfexcited. The interference pattern based on sampled pulses, namely, the sample-jamming (SJ) is usually employed in self-protection jammer (SPJ) to achieve enough isolation. Whereas, the mismatching between SJ signals and radar signals makes that the pulse-compression gain of SJ signals is dramatically lower than that of radar signals. The efficiency analysis of ordinary SJ and SJ based on smear spectrum is proposed in this paper. The boundary conditions of the stable fake trace generated by ordinary SJ are given as well. The results are of importance for the design of the jamming waveform and schedule in SPJ.

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