Issue 1,2006 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Similarity and Difference between Spotlight SAR and Ground-to-air Imaging Radar
    ZHANG Zhi-zhong
    2006(1):1-5.
    [Abstract](2530) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](3)
    Abstract:
    Spotlight SAR uses airplane to image large scale ground area with high resolution.Using ground based radar to image aircraft is the so-called ISAR mode.They can use the same Polar Format Algorithm(PFA),but the actual implementation of that algorithm to realize the imaging formation is quiet different.In this paper,the similarity and difference between them are pointed out.
    2  A Design of ISAR IF Echo Simulator
    LIU Chao-jun WANG Wei CHEN Zeng-ping
    2006(1):6-8.
    [Abstract](2454) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](23)
    Abstract:
    A design and implementation method of ISAR target IF echo is introduced. At first, the ISAR IF echo characteristics are analyzed, taking a stationary point-target as an example. Then, according to the signal property, the signal generation technique based on AD9857 quadrature digital upconverter is introduced. At last, how to solve the problem of signal coherence is described. According to practice, this simulator has stable signal phase, pure signal spectrum, and ability to produce any complex waveform. In the development process of one kind of high resolution radar used for space target searching and tracking, this simulator has been successfully employed.
    3  Technology of Microwave Synthetic Impulse and Aperture Radar
    WANG Jian DAI Zheng-jian LIN Qian
    2006(1):9-12.
    [Abstract](2592) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](10)
    Abstract:
    LPIR is an important development direction for modem radar, but it needs a long time for LPIR to be widely used. SIAR has obvious merits of LPI, anti-ARM and anti-interference, its principle and essential technology has been validated in metric-wave band. The technology of synthetic impulse and aperture is used in microwave band, the key techniques and primary performance of microwave SIAR are analyzed here. The primary performance of microwave SIAR is more predominant than the developing two-dimension actived phased array radar, microwave SIAR should be payed more attention and applied widely.
    4  A Study on Monopulse Radar Range Rate Measurement under Great Acceleration
    LIU Yu-juan XU Jia-long HE Lei CHEN Yong
    2006(1):13.
    [Abstract](2491) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](3)
    Abstract:
    Range rate measurement system of radar plays an important role in studying the characteristics of target, the target orbit confirmation and the safety control of missile. According to the technical requirement of range rate measurement in monopulse radar measurement system, the issue of spreading of received target spectrum under great acceleration is discussed in detaailed and the algorithm for acceleration compensation and the method of engineering realization are presented. The simulation proved that the algorithm can accomplish the pulse Doppler identification under great acceleration.
    5  Requirement Analysis of Phased Array Radar for Space-object Surveillance
    CHAO Shao-ying YANG Wen-jun
    2006(1):16-19.
    [Abstract](2479) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    对空间目标的类型、分布、RCS进行了概述,对用于测嚣轨道高度500km左右、10cm以上尺寸空间目标的P与L波段相控阵测量雷达主要指标进行了分析,提出了需要研究的关键技术。
    6  A Comprehensive Evaluation Criterion of Radar ECCM Performance Based on Electronic Countermeasure Effect Matrix
    LONG Fang ZHANG Xiao-lin LIU Xiang-bin
    2006(1):20-22.
    [Abstract](2531) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](6)
    Abstract:
    The evaluation problem of radar ECCM performance has always been paid attention to by the researchers of radar and radar electronic countermeasure. There is no unified criterion by now. From the need for ECCM performance evaluation of single radar development and appraisal, a comprehensive evaluation criterion of radar ECCM performance based on electronic countermeasure effect matrix is suggested through analysis of final effect of blanketing jamming and deception ECM on the radar operation performance.
    7  Performance Evaluation of Radar Network for Counterchecking Stealth Aircraft Comprehensive Detecting Probability of Radar Network
    LI Guang-ming TANG Ye-min JIANG Su-rong
    2006(1):23-25.
    [Abstract](2419) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](4)
    Abstract:
    In modern hi-tech warfare,stealth aircraft poses one of the "four major dangers" to radar.Radar network is an effective way to countercheck stealth aircraft.In this paper,American F-117 stealth fighter is studied and the concept of attitude angle of stealth craft is presented.According to the attitude angle of stealth aircraft,the radar cross section required by the calculation of radar detection probability can be obtained.The concept of radar network synthetic finding probability and the descriptive method of "altitude layer separation" and "plane grid separation" are put forward.The mathematical model of synthetic detection probability of radar network is established,according to which,the evaluation of radar network counter-stealth ability is done.Based on this work,the performance evaluation software is developed,which can be used as a reference in the practice and evaluation of radar network counter-stealth operation.When analysis of its operation is done,the following result is shown:the detection probability of a radar network with three decimeter-wave radars and two meter-wave radars is raised 5 to 20% than that of the single radar set.
    8  Method of Energy and Time Optimizing Distribution in Mechanism-phase Scanning Radar
    LEI Wang-rain
    2006(1):26.
    [Abstract](2564) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    It is very important for mechanism-phase scanning phased array radar to effective distribute energy and time in elevation.In engineering project work,flexible distributing energy mode should be selected in difference operating condition and operating mode.Energy distribution involves many radar's parameters,such as peak power of transmitter,maximum pulse width,antenna gain,rotating speed of antenna,beam width,covering range of elevation,maximum height and range and so on.This paper proposes principle and method of optimizing energy and time distribution in elevation to obtain good performance in the frame time,and this method has been used in engineering project of several phased array radars.
    9  A Study on Frequency Domain Polar Format Algorithm of Spaceborne Spotlight SAR
    ZENG Hai-bin ZENG Tao HE Pei-kun
    2006(1):28-30.
    [Abstract](2450) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](5)
    Abstract:
    This paper introduces a frequency domain polar format algorithm,which is similar to the time domain polar format algorithm in basic principle and implementation approach.Firstl,theory and procedure of the frequency domain polar format algorithm are described.Then,the origin and the effect on imaging of time domain polar format algorithm residual video phase error are analyzed.From analysis the paper comes to the conclusion that frequency domain polar format algorithm can avoid the error completely.Both algorithm bandwidth are studied and the fact that frequency domain polar format algorithm has no range bandwidth expanding effect in high precision spaceborne spotlight SAR imaging is pointed out.Finally,some simulations using spaceborne spotlight SAR parameters testified the advantages of frequency domain polar format algorithm.
    10  High Resolution Imaging Algorithm of Formation of Satellite SAR Based on MMSE
    LI Li WANG Yan-fei ZHANG Bing-chen
    2006(1):31-34.
    [Abstract](2392) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](2)
    Abstract:
    Basing on the configuration of formation of satellites and the mathematical model of formation of satellites SAR echo signal,an improved imaging algorithm is proposed: each group of echo signal is first processed by a Minimum Mean Square Error(MMSE) filter,and then the Single-Look Complex(SLC) images from different receivers are synthesized using spatial filtering.The method highly improves the resolution by incorporating prior knowledge and spatial information of multiple receivers,which is a scientific breakthrough in the case when the traditional matched filter method constrains the improvement of SAR spatial resolution.It is an optimal method in the sense of mean square error.Simulation results demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed method.
    11  Realization of ISAR Imaging Based on Two Time-frequency Distributions
    WANG Yong JIANG Yi-cheng
    2006(1):35-37.
    [Abstract](2465) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](26)
    Abstract:
    研究了两种时频分布——平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布和谱图在机动飞行目标ISAR成像中的应用,通过计算回波数据的平滑伪Wigner-Ville分布或谱图,得到不同时刻的高分辨瞬时多普勒谱,然后对观测数据段的不同时刻进行瞬时成像,仿真数据和实测数据成像结果验证了该方法的有效性。
    12  Direct Geo-referencing Airborne InSAR Data
    YOU Hong-jian XIANG Mao-sheng
    2006(1):38.
    [Abstract](2596) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    Terrain Altitude can be acquired using airborne interferometric SAR(InSAR) while it acquires the SAR image of the ground.Therefore,InSAR is a new kind of remote sensing technology which can acquire 3D remote sensing information.Geo-reference processing of SAR image and DEM which are generated by InSAR is discussed in this paper.We use the 3D position and velocity of the airplane to geo-reference the InSAR data basing on the range-Doppler principle of SAR,so the SAR image and DEM can be rectified into geodetic coordinates.The method is demonstrated through processing InSAR flight data.
    13  A Study on Application of State Space Method Based on High Resolution Range Profile to Millimeter Wave Radar
    SU Hong-yan HE Pei-kun
    2006(1):41-44.
    [Abstract](2492) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](2)
    Abstract:
    At present,high-resolution radar employs two systems usually.One is a narrow-band system which realizes measuring coordinates,detecting and tracking,the other is a wide-band system which is used for imaging and recognizing.Due to the fact that switching between the two systems would decrease data rate,a measurement method based on high-resolution range profile is proposed.In this paper,State Space Method(SSM) is introduced to measure coordinates for monopulse radar based on high-resolution range profile.Monte carlo simulation results prove that SSM can increase the measurement precision effectively.
    14  Difference Method in Domain Frequency:A new Algorithm for Joint Parameter Estimation of LFM
    LI Jia-qiang JIN Rong-hong FAN Yu MAO Wei
    2006(1):45-48.
    [Abstract](2525) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](4)
    Abstract:
    Based on the fractional Fourier transform of linear frequency modulated continuous signal,a new algorithm for joint parameter estimation of LFM: difference method in domain frequency is proposed.Doppler frequency shift and time delay of LFM signal can be estimated even for low SNR case without two-dimensional search,so that the method is of high efficiency.Simulation results show that the method is valid.
    15  Maximum-Likelihood Estimation of Algorithm for Passive Location of Maneuvering Target by Single Station
    WANG Jie-gui LUO Jing-qing JIN Xue-ming
    2006(1):49.
    [Abstract](2523) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](3)
    Abstract:
    The Maximum-Likelihood Estimation(MLE) algorithm for passive location of maneuvering target by single stationary station,which is based on the Direction Of Arrival(DOA) and the Time Difference Of Arrival(TDOA) information of the target,is discussed in this paper.Firstly,the maneuvering target models and the measurement equations are established.Secondly,the MLE algorithm is derived in detail.Finally,the computer simulations are made.The simulation result shows that the proposed method is practicable and effective.
    16  Vertical Baseline Estimation-based Method for Obtaining Digital Elevation Information
    YANG Lei ZHAO Yong-jun WANG Zhi-gang
    2006(1):52-54.
    [Abstract](2447) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    First, the basic principle of measurement using SAR interferometry is discussed, and then special algorithm of estimating the baselining is introduced in detail in terms of the frequency extracted from the coherent complex data. Finally the relationship between the baseline and digital elevation information is analyzed. Results of computer simulation were presented to demonstrate the correctness of analysis.
    17  Reduction of Ground Clutter Effects in Ground Penetrating Radar through Wide-band Impedance Match
    LIU Li-ye SU Yi HUANG Chun-lin MAO Jun-jie
    2006(1):55.
    [Abstract](2402) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    The system of ground penetrating radar consists of a transmitter and a receiving antenna.The total received signal is the sum of the direct coupled wave,the signal reflected from the ground and the signal scattered by the buried target.But the direct wave is usually much larger than the scattered signal,and the signal-to-clutter ratio of the ground penetrating radar(GPR) system is reduced.A method which can suppress the signal reflected from the ground through placing a layered dielectric slab is proposed in this paper.The clutter reflected from the ground is thus reduced,and the signal coupled into the soil is increased.The simulation results show that the reflected clutter can be reduced through selecting proper dielectric constant and thickness of the plate.So the method can improve the dynamic range and the signal-to-clutter ratio of the GPR system.
    18  A New Method of Realization of Adaptive Filtering in Polarization Domain
    Qiao Xiao-lin XUE Jing-hong SHAO Xian-he
    2006(1):58-60.
    [Abstract](2429) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    In addition to the information associated with the time,frequency and spatial domains,the information in polarization domain should also be used to improve the detection capability of radar systems.The traditional methods of polarization filtering are not suitable for the detection of targets in an environment containing strong jamming because the signal/jamming ratio is usually every low and the polarization state of the jamming is unknown or distributed.In this paper,specificallym for the strong jamming environment,a new adaptive filtering algorithm in polarization domain using criterion of Linear Constraint Minimum Variance(LCMV) is proposed.The signal is optimized according to the variable polarization of antenna.For the realization of algorithm and the adaption to the fast varying interference,a recursion polarization filtering algorithm is derived which can adapt to the polarization states of the jamming at sampling speed.Simulations show the valiclity of that method.
    19  Analysis of Antenna Boresight Pointing Instability Effect on SAR Image Quality
    ZHU Li QIU Guang-feng PAN Jie
    2006(1):61-64.
    [Abstract](2609) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](11)
    Abstract:
    In this paper,the effect of antenna boresight pointing instability on SAR image quality is studied.At the same time,the theoretical analysis and simulation results for the effect of antenna azimuth and elevation boresight pointing multi-frequency jittering on image quality in a squint mode are given respectively.The simulation results show that the paired-echo response function,which effects image quality,can be caused by antenna boresight pointing instability.Multi-paired echoes will appear on the SAR image when antenna boresight pointing function contains multi-frequencies.Moreover,the elevation and azimuth boresight pointing instability can make RASR and AASR worse repectively.
    20  Introduction to S-band Solid-state Active Weighted Phased Array Radar Transmitter
    ZHOU Bin ZHENG Xin
    2006(1):65-67.
    [Abstract](2421) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    A new solid-state active weighted phased array radar transmitter is introduced. System design, key-module design and engineering experiences are discussed in detail. It is hoped that the design of similar transmitters would be asisted.
    21  Design and Implementation of a Wide-band Pulse Compression Signal Generation System
    XIONG Yue-jun LI Xiang-yang LUO Peng-fei
    2006(1):68.
    [Abstract](2412) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](3)
    Abstract:
    Generation of wide-band(WB) pulse compression(PC) signals is a very important technique for some modern radars.Direct digital waveform synthesis(DDWS) can implement easier and easier with speeding up of memory and D/A converter,and application of DDWS becomes more and more widely.DDWS,combined with orthogonal modulator(OM) and double frequency chain,is a suitable selection to generate WB PC signal.In this paper,this wide-band pulse compression signal generation system,which can generate LFM signal with 500 MHz bandwidth at 2 400 MHz radio frequency is introduced.Distortion of the system can be corrected in some degree.The test results show that spurious components and harmonics are below-55 dB.
    22  A Study on Phase-to-amplitude Mapping in DDFS Based on Linear Interpolation
    HE Fang-yong CHEN Jian-an
    2006(1):71-75.
    [Abstract](2319) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](1)
    Abstract:
    This paper presents an approach based on linear interpolation to realize the mapping from phase to sinusoid amplitude(phase-to-amplitude) in the structure of direct digital frequency synthesizers(DDFS).For that approach,the first quadrant of the sine function is approximated with a number of linear segments,then the sine function is fully reconstructed by using its symmetry.This paper provides the analysis of spectrum in DDFS based on linear interpolation technology.Then the spurious free dynamic range(SFDR) is also studied for DDFS based on this approach.At last,a detailed and systematic procedure for the selection of linear segment coefficients to achieve a desired SFDR is provided.
    23  Boundary-scan Test Design for FPGA Chip on Board
    LEI Wo-ni
    2006(1):76.
    [Abstract](2488) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](2)
    Abstract:
    Boundary-scan test technology is a standard measurability design technology, and it provides method to carry out the measurement of device function, interconnection and influence to each other, and is more convenient for the measurement of complex circuits. This paper is for the study of real circuit under test of certain equipment subsystem. IEEE1149.1 standard is followed, and boundary-scan test design is carried out with integration to the BSDL document of FPGA chip, its design principle, data structure understood and grasped, and board level test interface to the ATE is realized.
    24  Control Technology of Voltage Regulating Module Conversion
    HE Liang
    2006(1):79-82.
    [Abstract](2408) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](2)
    Abstract:
    Continuous development of micro-processing technology requires that the output voltage from power supply be reduced,but the output current and speed of dynamic response be increased.Generally distributed power supply system with double DC/DC conversion is used to supply the micro-processor,new requirements for control technology of VRM(Voltage Regulating Module) are put forward.In this paper,topological structure and features of common VRM converters are analyzed in detail to determine whether,isolated or non-isolated VRM topologies be applied for different power supply structures,the associated control technology and implementation measures are also discussed.

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